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Blast injury of the chest injury is the most common wound in modern war trauma and terrorist attacks, and is also the most fatal type of whole body explosion injury. Most patients with severe blast injury of the chest die in the early stage before hospitalization or during transportation, so first aid is critically important. At present, there exist widespread problems such as non-standard treatment and large difference in curative effect, while there lacks clinical treatment standards for blast injury of the chest. According to the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement, the Trauma Society of Chinese Medical Association has formulated the guidance of classification, pre-hospital first aid, in-hospital treatment and major injury management strategies for blast injury of the chest, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Objective To study the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the lung injuries induced by blunt chest trauma under the closure and open state of glottis.Methods The expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR in injuried lung tis-sues under the closed and open glottis states snd the control lung tissues at designed different time points.Results The expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA at 4,8,12h in the closed glottis group were obviously higher than those in the open glttis group (P <0.05) and the expressions at designed various time points in the injured lung tissue were higher than those in the control lung tissues (P <0.05).The change rule of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression in the control group,closed glottis group and open glottis group was similar,the expression was up-regulated.Conclusion IL-6 and IL-8 might play an important role in the occurrence and develop-ment of functional lesion in the injured lung by blunt chest trauma.
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ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the mRNA and protein expressions of NIX and the pulmonary alveolus apoptosis following severe acute lung injury (ALI).Methods Rat models of severe collision injury on the chest were built.The mRNA and protein expressions of NIX in the alveolar cells at 6,12,24,48,72 and 96 hours after injury were detected using immunohistochemistry,immunoblotting and RT-PCR.Meanwhile,apoptosis of the alveolar cells was checked at different time points with Tunel assay.ResultsThe protein expression of NIX in the alveolar cells was observed both in experimental and control groups,which increased at 6 h post injury,peaked at 48 h and then declined till approaching the pre-injury level at 96 h.In the meantime,NIX showed a high expression both in the vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and the renal interstitial fibroblasts.The apoptosis of alveolar cells mainly presented in bronchi,blood vessel endothelium (BVE) and alveolar epithelium at 24 h post injury.The post-injury apoptosis rate of the alveolar cells was significantly higher than the pre-injury rate ( P ＜ 0.01 ),which reached the peak at 72 h and then decreased gradually.The changes of NIX protein in lung tissue showed a positive correlation with the apoptosis rate of alveolar cells after injury (r =0.303,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThe up-regulated expression of NIX takes part in the pathophysiological process of apoptosis of the alveolar cells and shows consistency with the apoptosis rate change of the alveolar cells,as may be the molecular basis for apoptosis of the alveolar cells after ALI.
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Objective To explore the changed rules and the diagnositic methods of the cardisc functions after chest impact trauma(CIT).Methods The medals of moderate to severity CIT were established using BIM-Ⅱ Bio-impactor in 20 rabbits.The cardiac functions were examined with cardiac catheterization,single photon-emission computed tomography(SPECT)and the Doppler echocardiography at pre end post 1h,4h,8h and 24h after CIT.Results The cardiac functions were changed significantly after CIT.The expressions of the right ventricular dysfunctions mainly were systolic dysfuction while the left ventricular dysfunctions mainly were diastolic dysfunction after CIT.Conclustion All the cardiac catheterization、SPECT and the Doppler echocardiography are beneficial to the diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction afte CIT.The SPEGT is more exactitude and the Doppler echocardiography is more cheaper compared with non-invasive approaches.
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Objective To explore the changes and the significance of left ventricular functions after blunt chest trauma(BCT)in rabbits.Methods 36 rabbit models of BCT with BIM-Ⅱ Bio-impactor in were used to observe the changes of left ventricular functions and free calcium,free calmodulin and total calmodulin were detected at pre-injury,the 2nd,4th,8th,12th and 24th hour after injury.Results The cardiac function were impaired.The systolic functions of left ventricle were impaired and recovered during 4-12 hour after BCT.The diastolic functions of left ventricle were impaired but not recovered 24h after BCT.The free calcium and total calmodulin in myocardial cells were increased from the 4th hour,reached,peak at the 8th hour post-BCT(P＜0.01),and then decreased,but were still higher at the 24th hour post-BCT than that of pre-BCT(P＜0.05).The free calmodulin in myocardial cells was low and reached peak at the 8th hour after BCT(P＜0.01).There is remarkable positive correlation between free calcium in myocardial cells and LVEDP and dp/dtmax with cardiac function(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion The cardiac function is obviously changed after BCT,especially the diastolic functions of left ventricle.The hish concentration of free calcium in myocardial ceils may be one of the reasons of cardiac dysfunction after BCT.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Overexpression of CD44v6 is associated with occurrence, development and metastasis of a variety of human malignant tumors. The aim of this study is to determine the expression of CD44v6 and its prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CD44v6 expression was detected in 52 NSCLC tissues and 12 normal pulmonary tissues by reverse transcription polyme-(rase) chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (SP method).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rate of CD44v6 was 69.2% (SP method) and 75.0% (RT-PCR method) in NSCLC, respectively. Significantly higher expression of CD44v6 was demonstrated in poorly differentiated tumors than that in moderately/well differentiated tumors (P < 0.05). The expression of CD44v6 was remarkably higher in patients with lymphatic metastasis than that in those without lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.01). CD44v6 expression in stage III NSCLC was remarkably higher than that in stage I and II NSCLC (P < 0.05). Survival rate of patients with negative CD44v6 expression was significantly higher than that of those with positive CD44v6 expression (P=(0.0115)). Multi-variate logistic analysis showed the expression of CD44v6 (P=0.048) and pTNM stage (P=0.035) were significantly prognostic factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Overexpression of CD44v6 is very common in lung cancer tissues. Detection of CD44v6 expression may be helpful to predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.</p>
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the expression of the SOCS3 gene and its effect on proliferation of A549 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A549 cells were cotransfected with pEFSOCS3 and pSV2neo by liposome, then G418 was used to screen the positive cells. Expression of SOCS3 mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry respectively before and after transfection. MTT assay was used to detect the cell growth. Flow cytometric DNA analysis was used to determine the cell cycle.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry showed that no expression of SOCS3 mRNA and protein was detected in A549 cells before transfection, but a stable expression of SOCS3 gene was observed after transfection with SOCS3 gene. Compared with control group, growth of A549 cells transfected with SOCS3 gene was significantly suppressed, with a suppressive rate of 41.07%. The cells at G₀/G₁ cell phases increased, and those at S and G₂/M phases decreased significantly after transfection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SOCS3 protein might inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells by negatively regulating cellular signal pathways.</p>
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To determine the inhibitory effect of antisense peptide nucleic acids (PNA) of telomerase on the growth of lung cancer cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The synthesized modified antisense PNAs of telomerase were transfected into the lung cancer cell lines A549 and NCI-H446 respectively by lipofectamine transfection. Telomerase activity was detected by RT-PCR-ELLISA, and the cell counts were determined by MTT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventy two hours after transfection with antisense PNAs of telomerase, telomerase activity (A450 value) of A549 and NCI-H446 were down regulated from 0.582 ±0.039, 0.571±0.043 to 0.294±0.048 ( P < 0.01), 0.276±0.051 ( P < 0.01) respectively, and alive cell counts (A580 value) of them from 0.485± 0.009 , 0.513±0.015 to 0.191±0.027 ( P < 0.01), 0.138±0.046 ( P < 0.01) respectively. The growth of two lung cancer cell lines were significantly inhibited.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Antisense PNA of telomerase might inhibit not only the telomerase activity, but also the growth of lung cancer cell lines in vitro.</p>
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Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA)on the proliferation and cell cycle of lung carcinoma cell line A549.Methods The A549 cells were treated with ATRA at the dosages of 5,10,50 ?mol/L for 1-7 d.The proliferation of A549 was assessed by MTT method and cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.The expressions of CDK4,Rb and p-ERK1/2 were assessed by Western blotting.CyclinD1 mRNA was analyzed by SYBR-PCR amplification.Results ATRA obviously inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells,and the cell cycle was arrested in G0/G1 phase.The expression of p-ERK1/2 protein and CyclinD1 mRNA on A549 cells were decreased.Conclusion ATRA might inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells through down-regulating p-ERK1/2 protein and CyclinD1 mRNA.
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Objective To study the 4 977 bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA in lung cancer, paraneoplastic tissue and normal lung tissue from non-lung cancer subjects and its significance in the development of cancer. Methods Lung cancer tissues and paraneoplastic tissues from 37 non-small lung cancer patients, and normal lung tissues from 20 patients without lung cancer were analyzed by long PCR technique. Results Mitochondrial DNA 4 977 bp deletion was detected in 54.1%(20/37) of lung cancer tissues, 59.5%(22/37) of paraneoplastic tissues and 30.0%(6/30) of normal lung tissues. The correlation between 4 977 bp deletion and age, smoking was present in our data. Conclusion Mitochondrial DNA 4 977 bp deletion, which may reflect the environmental and genetic influences during tumor progression, is not specific to lung cancer and unlikely to play an important role in carcinogenesis.
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Objective To investigate the variations of mtDNA from high and low metastatic mouse hepatocarcinoma cell sublines Hca-F and Hca-P, and the relationship between mutations of mtDNA and carcinogenesis. Methods The variations of D-loop, ND3 and tRNA Met+Glu+Ile gene fragments of mtDNA from Hca-F and Hca-P cells were analyzed by PCR-RFLP and sequencing techniques. Results No amplification fragment length polymorphism and restriction fragment length polymorphism were observed in tRNA Met+Glu+Ile , ND3 and D-loop of mtDNA from the 2 cell sublines. Sequence difference between these 2 cell sublines were found in mtDNA D-loop region by sequencing. Conclusions Genetic alteration of mtDNA non-coding region in tumors, which may reflect the environmental and genetic influences operative during tumor progression, can be linked to their tumorigenic phenotype.
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Objective To explore the effect of liposomal transfection of cyclin D1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASON) on A549 cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods By liposomal transfection technique, cyclin D1 ASON was co-cultured with A549 cells. The cell growth curve was determined by MTT assay. The protein and mRNA of cyclin D1 were measured by FACS and RT-PCR. Results In the cyclin D1 ASON liposomal transfection group, the proliferation of A549 cells was significantly inhibited as compared to that in cyclin D1 ASON group (P
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To evaluate the clinical significance of telomerase activity in lung cancer and to investigate the possibility of telomerase as cancer marker for lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The activity of telomerase was investigated by TRAP-PCR-ELISA in lung cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues obtained from resected specimens of 48 patients with lung cancer and 42 specimens of benign pulmonary lesions were examined simultaneously.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Telomerase activity was detected in 42 (87.5%) of the 48 tumors and only 4 (8.3%) of the 48 adjacent noncancerous lung tissue samples (Chi-Square=13.029, P < 0.01), but in none of 42 specimens of benign pulmonary lesions (Chi-Square=14.016, P < 0.01). Correlation with pathological parameters showed that the expression of telomerase activity was associated with lymph node metastasis (93.5% vs 76.4% , Chi-Square=63.511, P < 0.01), but not with histological type, location and differenciated grade of tumor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Telomerase activation correlates with the carcinogenesis and aggressiveness of lung cancer. Telomerase might be one of the important diagnostic and prognostic factors in patients with lung cancer.</p>
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To study the expression of CD44v3 and its prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CD44v3 expression was detected in 52 NSCLC tissues and 12 normal pulmonary tissues by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (SP method).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rate of CD44v3 in NSCLC was 57.7% (SP method) and 71.2% (RT-PCR), respectively. The positive rate of CD44v3 in squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01). Higher expression of CD44v3 was demonstrated in poor differentiation compared with moderate and well differentiation (P < 0.05). The expression of CD44v3 was much higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than that in those without lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The expression rate of CD44v3 was remarkably higher in stage III than that in stage I-II. Multi-variate Logistic analysis showed the expression of CD44v3 and p-TNM stage were significantly prognostic factors (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Overexpression of CD44v3 is very common in lung cancer tissues. Detection of CD44v3 expression may be helpful to predict the prognosis of lung cancer patients.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study changes and rules of the left ventricular functions in rabbits with myocardial contusion through parallel functional analysis by using echocardiography combined with cardiac catheter intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty healthy rabbits were selected and impacted to make moderate or severe myocardial contusion by BIM-II biomedical impact machine. The changes of hemodynamics and cardiac systolic and diastolic functions were respectively observed before injury and 1, 4, 8 and 24 hours after injury.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After myocardial contusion, the heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and mean arterial pressure of rabbits decreased remarkably at 1-4 hours. The left ventricular end systolic pressure (LVESP), the maximum increasing rate of the left intraventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax), isovolumic pressure (IP) and the maximum systolic velocity of the left ventricle (Vmax) also decreased markedly. And then these parameters recovered to the level of preinjury at 8-24 hours. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), the rate of the left intraventricular pressure (-dp/dtmax) and the decreasing time constant of the left intraventricular pressure (T) increased remarkably 1 hour after myocardial contusion, and did not decrease until 8 hours after myocardial contusion. Detection by echocardiography showed that ejection fraction of the left ventricle markedly decreased at 24 hours after myocardial contusion, while the systolic volume decreased obviously as early as 1 hour after myocardial contusion, at 4-8 hours it recovered a little and again decreased at 24 hours. The end systolic volume and end diastolic volume increased after myocardial contusion, but statistical significance was only seen at 8 hours after myocardial contusion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Cardiac functions of the left and right ventricles are markedly injured after myocardial contusion with disorders of the left ventricle diastolic function and of the right ventricle systolic function as the dominant injury. While the systolic function of the left ventricle can recover. Echocardiography shows clinical importance in detection of early injuries of cardiac functions.</p>
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Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Contusions , Heart Function Tests , Heart Injuries , Diagnostic Imaging , Hemodynamics , Ultrasonography , Ventricular Function, Left , Ventricular PressureABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application value of water-soluble vitamin for injection in the treatment of pe-rioperative esophagus cancer and carcinoma of gastric cardia.METHODS:80patients with esophagus cancer or carcinoma of gastric cardia were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,the control group were treated with total par-enteral nutrition(TPN)therapy only while the treatment group were treated with one bottle of water-soluble vitamin for in-jection,q.d.for7days besides the TPN therapy.RESULTS:The volume ejections of Vit B 1 ,Vit B 2 and Vit Vit C in the treatment group showed significantly higher than those of the control group from the urine loading tests after receiving drugs for4hours(P
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Objective To explore the effect of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) on lung cancer cell line A549. Methods After M-CSF at 0.1, 1 and 10 ng/ml was given to cultured A549 cells for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 92 h respectively, their morphological changes were observed with inverted microscopy, proliferation was measured by MTT assay, and cell cycles were determined by flow cytometry. RT-PCR was used to detect the change of expression of M-CSF receptor. Result The growth of A549 was significantly inhibited by M-CSF in a concentration- and time- dependent manner. The maximum response was obtained at 10 ng/ml of M-CSF. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the treated A549 cells arrested at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of M-CSF receptor was reduced after the M-CSF treatment. Conclusion M-CSF has an anti-tumour activity on lung cancer cell A549.